Gender & Discipline
School-to-prison pipeline issues that are gender specific
Factsheets, Audio-Visuals, and Toolkits
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Black Girls and School Discipline: Four Researchers Unpack K-12 Racial Bias, Education Week, May 2017 [Video]
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Shining a Spotlight on Black Girls, Schott Foundation, May 2016 [Infographic]
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School Reform & Dropout Prevention: Addressing Disparities in Discipline for African American Girls, NAACP Legal Defense and Educational Fund and National Women's Law Center, April 7, 2015 [Factsheet]
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Let Her Learn: Stopping School Pushout for Girls with Disabilities, National Women's Law Center, 2017
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Be Her Resource: A Toolkit About School Resource Officers and Girls of Color, Georgetown Law Center on Poverty and Inequality, 2017
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Let Her Learn: A Toolkit to Stop Push Out for Girls of Color, National Women's Law Center, December 6, 2016
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Addressing the Intersection of Gender and Racial Disparities, National Juvenile Justice Network, April 2016
In the News
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Why Won't Society Let Black Girls Be Children?, NYT Parenting, January 28, 2020
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Pushed Out and Punished: One Woman's Story Shows How Systems are Failing Black Girls, USA Today, May 2019
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What Can Be Done to Stop the Criminalization of Black Girls? Rebuild the System, USA Today, May 2019
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Three Part Series on the Disproportionate Discipline of Black Girls, Education Week, February 2019
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How Dress Codes Criminalize Males and Sexualize Females of Color, Phi Delta Kappan, September 24, 2018
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Black Girls Are Disciplined More Harshly in School. Dress Codes Play a Big Role, Vox, April 2018
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From Preschool to Prison: The Criminalization of Black Girls, American Progress, December 8, 2017
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How the School-to-Prison Pipeline Works: And Why Black Girls Are Particularly at Risk, TeenVogue, October 10, 2017
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When Black Hair Violates the Dress Code, NPR, July 17, 2017
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The War on Black Girls' Hair in Charter and Private Schools, Schott Foundation for Public Education, May 19, 2017
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Schools’ Discipline for Girls Differs by Race and Hue, New York Times, December 10, 2014
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Racial Disparities in Discipline Greater for Girls than for Boys, Research Finds, Indiana University, May 2017
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Black Boys in Crisis: The School-to-Prison Pipeline, Education Week, August 6, 2016
Research Reports
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DRESS CODED: Black Girls, Bodies, and Bias in D.C. Schools, National Women's Law Center, 2019
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Our Girls, Our Future: Investing in Opportunity and Reducing Reliance on the Criminal Justice System in Baltimore, NAACP Legal Defense Fund, June 26, 2018
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Discipline Disparities for Black Students, Boys, and Students with Disabilities, US General Accounting Office, March 2018
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The Schools Girls Deserve: Youth-Driven Solutions for Creating Safe, Holistic, and Affirming New York City Public Schools, Girls for Gender Equity, 2017
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Girls Behaving Badly? Race, Gender, and Subjective Evaluation in the Discipline in African American Girls, Indiana University, American Sociology Association, May 2017
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Let Her Learn: Stopping School Pushout for Girls of Color, National Women's Law Center, May 2017
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Black Girls and School Discipline: The Complexities of Being Overrepresented and Understudied, Urban Education, 2016
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Black Girls Matter: Pushed Out, Overpoliced and Underprotected, African American Policy Forum and the Center for Intersectionality and Social Policy Studies, December 2014
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Unlocking Opportunity for African American Girls: A Call to Action for Educational Equity, NAACP Legal Defense and Educational Fund and the National Women’s Law Center, September 2014
Research on Adultification
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Listening to Black Women and Girls: Lived Experiences of Adultification Bias, Georgetown Law Center on Poverty and Inequality, 2019; also visit https://endadultificationbias.org/
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Girlhood Interrupted: The Erasure of Black Girls’ Childhood, Georgetown Law Center on Poverty and Inequality, 2017
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The Essence of Innocence: Consequences of Dehumanizing Black Children, Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 2014